Phuket, Thailand, is renowned for its stunning beaches, vibrant nightlife, and rich cultural heritage. Among its many festivals, the Por Tor Festival, also known as the Hungry Ghost Festival, stands out as a unique and deeply rooted tradition. This festival, celebrated primarily by the Hokkien Chinese community, offers a fascinating glimpse into Phuket’s cultural tapestry. In this blog, we’ll explore the history, cultural significance, and activities associated with the Por Tor Festival.
History of the Por Tor Festival
The Por Tor Festival has its origins in ancient Chinese traditions, particularly those of the Hokkien Chinese community. It is celebrated during the seventh lunar month, which usually falls in August or September. According to Chinese belief, this is the time when the gates of hell open, allowing the spirits of the deceased to return to the living world. These spirits, often referred to as “hungry ghosts,” are believed to roam the earth in search of food and offerings.
The festival’s name, “Por Tor,” is derived from the Chinese god Por Tor, who is considered the king of hell and the gatekeeper of the underworld. The festival is a time for families to honor their ancestors and make offerings to appease the wandering spirits. This tradition was brought to Phuket by Chinese immigrants during the late Qing Dynasty, who came to the island in search of opportunities, particularly in the tin mining industry1.
Cultural Significance
The Por Tor Festival is a time of remembrance, respect, and merit-making. It reflects the deep-rooted belief in filial piety and the importance of honoring one’s ancestors. The festival is marked by various rituals and ceremonies aimed at providing comfort and sustenance to the spirits of the deceased.
One of the most distinctive aspects of the festival is the offering of red turtle-shaped cakes, known as “ang ku.” These cakes are made from glutinous rice flour and are often inscribed with phrases like “good luck” or “good health.” The red color symbolizes good fortune and prosperity, while the turtle shape represents longevity. These cakes, along with other offerings such as roasted ducks, fresh fruits, and incense, are presented at Chinese shrines and family altars.
The central celebrations take place at the Por Tor Gong shrine in Phuket Town, which is dedicated to the Por Tor god. The shrine is adorned with intricate artwork depicting scenes from the underworld, including the punishments meted out to hell-bound spirits. This shrine becomes the focal point of the festival, attracting both locals and tourists who come to witness the vibrant ceremonies and pay their respects.
Things to Do During the Por Tor Festival
- Visit the Por Tor Gong Shrine: The Por Tor Gong shrine in Phuket Town is the heart of the festival. Here, you can witness the elaborate rituals and offerings made to the spirits. The shrine is beautifully decorated with lanterns, flowers, and intricate murals. It’s a great place to learn about the cultural and religious significance of the festival.
- Participate in Merit-Making Activities: Merit-making is a key aspect of the Por Tor Festival. Families prepare elaborate feasts at home and offer food and drink to their departed relatives. You can join in these activities by visiting local temples and participating in the offerings. It’s a meaningful way to connect with the local community and experience their traditions firsthand.
- Try Red Turtle Cakes (Ang Ku): No visit to the Por Tor Festival is complete without trying the iconic red turtle cakes. These sweet treats are not only delicious but also carry deep cultural significance. You can find them at various stalls and markets around Por Tor Gong Shrine during the festival.
- Explore Phuket Town: While you’re in Phuket Town for the festival, take the opportunity to explore its charming streets and historic buildings. The town is known for its Sino-Portuguese architecture, vibrant street art, and bustling markets. It’s a great place to soak in the local culture and enjoy some delicious street food. There are some parades start from Golden Dragon Park yearly during this festival.
- Attend Cultural Performances: The Por Tor Festival is sometimes accompanied by cultural performances, including traditional Chinese opera, lion dances, and music. These performances add to the festive atmosphere and provide a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the Hokkien Chinese community. Check the festival schedule for performance times and locations.
- Join a Street Procession: Street processions are a common sight during the Por Tor Festival. These processions feature colorful floats, dragon and lion dances, and participants dressed in traditional attire. Joining a procession is a fun and immersive way to experience the festival’s lively spirit.
- Visit Other Chinese Shrines: In addition to the Por Tor Gong shrine, there are several other Chinese shrines around Phuket that hold ceremonies and events during the festival. The Sheng Tek Beo Shrine in the Bang Niew area of Phuket Town is another popular spot to see the red turtle cakes being made and to participate in the offerings.
- Learn About the Festival’s History: Many local museums and cultural centers offer exhibits and information about the history and significance of the Por Tor Festival. Visiting these places can provide a deeper understanding of the festival’s origins and its importance to the local community.
Conclusion
The Por Tor Festival is a unique and culturally rich event that offers a fascinating insight into Phuket’s Hokkien Chinese heritage. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a foodie, or simply looking to experience something new, the festival has something for everyone. From the vibrant ceremonies at the Por Tor Gong shrine to the delicious red turtle cakes, the Por Tor Festival is a celebration of life, death, and the enduring bonds between generations.
So, if you find yourself in Phuket during the seventh lunar month, don’t miss the opportunity to immerse yourself in the Por Tor Festival. It’s a journey into the heart of Phuket’s cultural traditions and a chance to witness the island’s rich and diverse heritage.